Nature Neuroscience
News, commentary and research coverage from the international monthly journal publishing the highest quality of work in all areas of neuroscience.
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Dorsolateral prefrontal neurons mediate subjective decisions and their variation in humans
Nature Neuroscience 2h 1 tweets
The authors discover neurons in the human prefrontal cortex that encode subjective decisions and that may underlie the process by which opinions are formed. They also find how disruption of these neurons selectively interferes with the...
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Nature Neuroscience Neurons in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) encode subjective decisions and may underlie opinion formation; focal disruption of the dlPFC diminished gradation between opposing decisions. 2h
A Bayesian framework that integrates multi-omics data and gene networks predicts risk genes from schizophrenia GWAS data
Nature Neuroscience 6d 3 tweets
Wang et al. present a computational framework integrating multi-omics data to infer key schizophrenia risk genes from GWAS data. These genes are predominantly expressed in the developing brain and are enriched for targets of approved drugs.
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Nature Neuroscience A Bayesian computational framework for integrating multi-omics data to infer key #schizophrenia risk genes from #GWAS data 4d
Serotonin-mediated inhibition of ventral hippocampus is required for sustained goal-directed behavior
Nature Neuroscience 7d 3 tweets
Yoshida et al. show in mice that sustained engagement in motivated behavior requires suppression of ventral hippocampus activity through activation of median raphe serotonin neurons.
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Nature Neuroscience Sustained motivated behavior requires suppression of ventral #hippocampus activity via activation of median raphe #serotonin neurons 5d
The spatial correspondence and genetic influence of interhemispheric connectivity with white matter microstructure
Nature Neuroscience 6d 4 tweets
Mollink et al. establish a link between white matter microstructure and functional connectivity using MRI data from 11,354 individuals in the UK Biobank. GWAS identified genetic associations of these microstructure–function relationships.
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Nature Neuroscience MRI data from 11,354 individuals in the establishes a link between white matter microstructure and functional connectivity; #GWAS identified genetic associations of these microstructure–function relationships. 6d
Identification of neurodegenerative factors using translatome–regulatory network analysis
Nature Neuroscience 7d 1 tweets
To elucidate novel molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease, the authors generated mice for cell type-specific profiling of dopaminergic neurons. Regulatory network analysis of translatome libraries from dopaminergic...
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Nature Neuroscience We're mourning the passing of Paul Greengard, a transformative scientist and mentor. Here are some papers he published with us, which we think reflect the depth and breadth of his impact on neuroscience: , 7d
Cell type–specific regulation of DARPP-32 phosphorylation by psychostimulant and antipsychotic drugs
Nature Neuroscience 7d 1 tweets
DARPP-32 phosphorylation is crucial to the actions of both psychostimulant and antipsychotic drugs. By using BAC transgenic mice to tag DARPP32 selectively in either striatonigral or striatopallidal neurons, the authors show that cocaine (a...
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Nature Neuroscience We're mourning the passing of Paul Greengard, a transformative scientist and mentor. Here are some papers he published with us, which we think reflect the depth and breadth of his impact on neuroscience: , 7d
Distinct cortical–amygdala projections drive reward value encoding and retrieval
Nature Neuroscience 14d 5 tweets
The value of an anticipated reward is crucial to adaptive decision-making. The authors delineate the neural circuitry supporting value encoding and retrieval, respectively, by lateral and medial orbitofrontal cortex projections to the basolateral...
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Nature Neuroscience . and colleagues show that lateral OFC→BLA projections encode the positive value of a reward, whereas medial OFC→BLA projections retrieve this value from memory: . Also, check out the N&V from Shannon Gourley: . 13d
Anatomical specialties for value information
Nature Neuroscience 13d 1 tweets
The ventrolateral and medial orbitofrontal cortices are involved in selecting actions based on the value of expected outcomes. Malvaez and colleagues reveal that these brain regions are specialized in value encoding (ventrolateral orbitofrontal...
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Nature Neuroscience . and colleagues show that lateral OFC→BLA projections encode the positive value of a reward, whereas medial OFC→BLA projections retrieve this value from memory: . Also, check out the N&V from Shannon Gourley: . 13d
Working memory revived in older adults by synchronizing rhythmic brain circuits
Nature Neuroscience 14d 9 tweets
The authors develop a noninvasive stimulation protocol to restore neural synchronization patterns and improve working memory in older humans, contributing to groundwork for future drug-free therapeutics targeting age-related cognitive decline.
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Nature Neuroscience Reinhart & Nguyen show that individual-specific theta stimulation to frontal and temporal areas restores brain oscillations and revives working memory in the elderly: . Also see accompanying N&V by & : . 14d
Reversing working memory decline in the elderly
Nature Neuroscience 14d 1 tweets
Noninvasive delivery of alternating electrical currents to temporal and prefrontal brain regions improves working memory and reverses age-related changes in brain dynamics in the elderly, report Reinhart and Nguyen in this issue of Nature...
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Nature Neuroscience Reinhart & Nguyen show that individual-specific theta stimulation to frontal and temporal areas restores brain oscillations and revives working memory in the elderly: . Also see accompanying N&V by & : . 14d
Geneticist Sydney Brenner, who made tiny worm a scientific legend, dies
Nature.com 17d 14 tweets
Nobel-prizewinning biologist pioneered use of C. elegans as an animal model.
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Nature Neuroscience We're saddened to hear of the death of Sydney Brenner, a true legend of biology. 17d
Expectation-induced modulation of metastable activity underlies faster coding of sensory stimuli
Nature Neuroscience 21d 2 tweets
Sensory stimuli are recognized faster when they are expected. Comparing a spiking network model to cortical recordings from behaving animals, Mazzucato et al. show that expectation accelerates sensory processing by modulating the intrinsically...
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Nature Neuroscience Sensory stimuli are recognized faster when they are expected. Comparing a spiking network model to cortical recordings shows that expectation accelerates sensory processing by modulating intrinsically generated activity preceding stimulation. 20d
Molecularly defined cortical astroglia subpopulation modulates neurons via secretion of Norrin
Nature Neuroscience 21d 1 tweets
The authors have identified a subpopulation of astrocytes that is enriched in cortical layer V of the mouse cortex and is also present in the human cortex. These cells express Norrin, a protein mutated in a rare neurological degenerative disease...
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Nature Neuroscience Identification of a subpopulation of #astrocytes that is enriched in layer 5 of mouse cortex and is also present in human cortex. These cells express norrin, which is mutated in Norrie disease, and acts on neurons to modify their morphology and activity. 21d
A whole-brain atlas of monosynaptic input targeting four different cell types in the medial prefrontal cortex of the mouse
Nature Neuroscience 35d 8 tweets
The connectivity of a cortical region is instrumental to its function. The authors generated brain-wide maps of the afferent input to four distinct cell types in the mPFC to reveal the structural architecture that underlies the mPFC’s functions.
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Nature Neuroscience Brain-wide maps of the afferent input to excitatory neurons and three inhibitory interneuron (IN) subtypes in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) 33d
Cerebral organoids at the air–liquid interface generate diverse nerve tracts with functional output
Nature Neuroscience 35d 3 tweets
A modified brain-organoid culture generates extensive axon outgrowth with specific tract-like patterns. Organoid tracts connect neurons across distant sites and can innervate and stimulate co-cultured mouse spinal cord tissue to elicit muscle...
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Nature Neuroscience Culturing cerebral #organoids in an adapted air-liquid interface system improves neuronal survival and axon outgrowth. These cultures exhibit extracortical projecting tracts that can innervate mouse spinal cord and evoke muscle contraction. 35d
Astrocytes usurp neurons as a disease focus
Nature Neuroscience 38d 1 tweets
Astrocytes are emerging as causal or modulating factors in diverse neurological disorders. Two papers published in Nature Neuroscience in 2007 revealed astrocytes as causally contributing to motor neuron loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,...
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Nature Neuroscience Two papers published in Nature Neuroscience in 2007 showed astrocytes causally contribute to motor neuron loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (#ALS), challenging the neuron-centric view of #neurodegeneration #NNturns20 38d
Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the lateral hypothalamic area reveals molecularly distinct populations of inhibitory and excitatory neurons
Nature Neuroscience 42d 3 tweets
The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) regulates fundamental aspects of innate behavior. However, the circuit-level underpinnings of LHA function are poorly understood given its cellular heterogeneity. Here, Mickelsen et al. employ a single-cell...
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Nature Neuroscience A comprehensive census of distinct cell types in the mouse lateral #hypothalamic area (LHA) revealed by single-cell RNA seq (#scRNA-seq) 41d
Locomotion-dependent remapping of distributed cortical networks
Nature Neuroscience 42d 2 tweets
Clancy et al. investigated the relationship between individual neuron activity and cortex-wide dynamics. Neurons were diversely coupled to distal areas, and locomotion affected how neurons in different areas coupled with distal activity.
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Nature Neuroscience The coupling of individual neurons to cortex-wide activity patterns is restructured by locomotion in an area-specific manner, resulting in a shift in the mode of cortical processing 42d
Spontaneous synchronization to speech reveals neural mechanisms facilitating language learning
Nature Neuroscience 49d 4 tweets
A simple behavioral task identifies two qualitatively different groups within the general population, according to their speech-to-speech synchronization abilities. Group pertinence predicts brain function and anatomy, as well as word-learning...
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Nature Neuroscience When presented with an isochronous train of random syllables, some listeners align their own concurrent speech with the perceived rate, while others don't. This split predicts brain function and anatomy, and word-learning performance. 48d
Rapid, biphasic CRF neuronal responses encode positive and negative valence
Nature Neuroscience 49d 2 tweets
Animals must determine quickly whether any given environmental stimuli are beneficial or detrimental. This work reveals a novel strategy to encode opposing valences by a single population of CRF neurons in the hypothalamus.
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Nature Neuroscience Rapid, biphasic responses of CRF neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the #hypothalamus encode positive and negative valence 49d