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Brain plasticity is dynamically regulated across the life span, peaking during windows of early life. Typically assessed in the physiological range of milliseconds (real time), these trajectories are also influenced on the longer timescales of...

Pick up any recent policy paper on women’s participation in science and you will find assurances that gender diversity enhances knowledge outcomes. Universities and science-policy stakeholders, including the European Commission and the US National...

In October 2015, researchers presented an unusual paper at a computer science conference in London. The paper described the promising results of a pilot project in which a local community used surveillance drones to enforce car parking restrictions...

Ecological interactions that cross domains of life have major impacts on ecosystems and human health. Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic makes this point with destructive clarity, it is clear that zoonotic pathogens pose a...

All plants and animals are associated with communities of viruses and microbes that interact via a suite of metabolites. These components play critical roles in the success of these assemblages; however, the role of individual components (i.e.,...

Ecological interactions that cross domains of life have major impacts on ecosystems and human health. Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic makes this point with destructive clarity, it is clear that zoonotic pathogens pose a...

Sex development involves a precise spatiotemporal expression and interactions of numerous genetic factors, including the WT1 (Wilms tumor 1) gene. Complete and partial loss-of-function WT1 variants are associated with 46,XY disorders/differences of...

In spite of low peripheral blood parasitemia, vivax malaria causes severe disease. This conundrum finds an explanation from reports suggesting that the spleen is a place for parasite sequestration. We performed a global transcriptional analysis of...

Human genes homozygous for apparent loss of function (LoF) variants are increasingly reported in a sizeable proportion of individuals without overt clinical phenotypes. Here, we found 166 genes with 179 predicted LoF variants for which the frequency...

Speech droplets generated by asymptomatic carriers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are increasingly considered to be a likely mode of disease transmission. Highly sensitive laser light scattering observations have...

Brain activity in the medial temporal lobe associated with the onset of a study item is thought to influence encoding and, therefore, subsequent memory for that item. However, our study found that spiking activity in the hippocampus prior to the...

The causality between the Paleoproterozic Great Oxidation Event (GOE) and a global “snowball Earth” glaciation has remained unresolved due to an inability to determine their relative timing. We present quadruple sulfur isotope data from northwest...

The ongoing sixth mass extinction may be the most serious environmental threat to the persistence of civilization, because it is irreversible. Thousands of populations of critically endangered vertebrate animal species have been lost in a century,...

Many domains of science have developed complex simulations to describe phenomena of interest. While these simulations provide high-fidelity models, they are poorly suited for inference and lead to challenging inverse problems. We review the rapidly...

Inferring the precise timing of the origin of the HIV/AIDS pandemic is of great importance because it offers insights into which factors did—or did not—facilitate the emergence of the causal virus. Previous estimates have implicated rapid...